Common Mistakes with the Plural of Criterion
The plural of criterion is criteria. This is the most common mistake English learners make with this word: using criteria as a singular noun or treating criterion as if it were already plural. In academic and professional writing, getting this right matters because it signals attention to precision. This guide explains the correct forms, common errors, and how to use both words naturally in real contexts.
Quick Answer: Criterion vs. Criteria
- Criterion (singular): one standard or rule used to make a judgment.
- Criteria (plural): two or more standards or rules.
- Never say “a criteria” or “this criteria.” Always say “a criterion” or “this criterion” for one item.
- Never say “criterias.” The plural is simply criteria.
Understanding the Core Difference
Criterion comes from Greek, and it keeps its original plural form criteria. This is similar to other Greek-derived words like phenomenon (plural: phenomena) and datum (plural: data). While data is now often used as a mass noun in informal English, criteria remains firmly plural in careful writing.
Formal vs. Informal Use
In formal academic writing, business reports, and professional emails, you must follow the strict singular/plural distinction. In casual conversation, some native speakers use criteria as a singular noun, but this is considered a mistake in edited prose. If you are writing a paper, a job application, or an official email, always use criterion for one and criteria for more than one.
Comparison Table: Criterion vs. Criteria
| Feature | Criterion (Singular) | Criteria (Plural) |
|---|---|---|
| Number | One standard | Two or more standards |
| Example sentence | The main criterion is cost. | The criteria are cost and quality. |
| Common error | Using criteria as singular | Adding an extra s (criterias) |
| Verb agreement | Singular verb: is, was, has | Plural verb: are, were, have |
| Formal tone | Required in academic writing | Required in academic writing |
| Informal tone | Often replaced by criteria (incorrect) | Used for both singular and plural (incorrect) |
Natural Examples
These examples show how criterion and criteria appear in real writing and speech.
In Academic Writing
- “The selection criterion for the study was a minimum score of 80.” (one rule)
- “The criteria for inclusion were age, income, and location.” (three rules)
- “Each criterion was evaluated separately by two reviewers.” (each single standard)
In Business Emails
- “Please confirm the criterion we agreed on for the budget.” (one standard)
- “The hiring criteria have been updated for next quarter.” (multiple standards)
- “Is there any criterion that you would like to add?” (one additional standard)
In Everyday Conversation
- “What’s your main criterion for choosing a restaurant?” (one factor)
- “Her criteria are very strict when it comes to roommates.” (multiple factors)
- “That’s not a fair criterion to judge by.” (one standard)
Common Mistakes
Here are the most frequent errors learners make, along with corrections.
Mistake 1: Using “Criteria” as a Singular Noun
Incorrect: “This criteria is important.”
Correct: “This criterion is important.” or “These criteria are important.”
If you mean one standard, use criterion. If you mean more than one, use criteria with a plural verb.
Mistake 2: Adding an Extra “s” to Make It Plural
Incorrect: “We have three criterias to meet.”
Correct: “We have three criteria to meet.”
The word criteria is already plural. Never add -s or -es.
Mistake 3: Using “Criterion” for Multiple Items
Incorrect: “The criterion for the job are experience and education.”
Correct: “The criteria for the job are experience and education.”
When you list two or more standards, switch to criteria.
Mistake 4: Confusing Verb Agreement
Incorrect: “The criteria for admission is very strict.”
Correct: “The criteria for admission are very strict.”
Because criteria is plural, it takes a plural verb. This error is very common even among native speakers in informal speech.
Better Alternatives and When to Use Them
In some contexts, you might choose a simpler word to avoid confusion. Here are alternatives and when they work best.
For “Criterion” (Singular)
- Standard: Use in general writing. “The main standard is safety.”
- Rule: Use when the criterion is a clear guideline. “One rule applies to all applicants.”
- Measure: Use in quantitative contexts. “Profit is not the only measure of success.”
- Requirement: Use in formal or technical settings. “The requirement is a bachelor’s degree.”
For “Criteria” (Plural)
- Standards: The most natural replacement. “The standards are clearly listed.”
- Requirements: Common in job descriptions and applications. “The requirements include three years of experience.”
- Conditions: Use when criteria are part of a contract or agreement. “The conditions must be met before approval.”
- Factors: Use when discussing multiple considerations. “Several factors influence the decision.”
When to Stick with “Criterion” and “Criteria”
Use the original words in academic papers, research reports, formal proposals, and any context where precision is expected. In emails to colleagues or casual writing, the alternatives above can make your writing clearer and more natural.
Mini Practice: Test Your Understanding
Choose the correct word for each sentence. Answers are below.
- The most important ______ for the scholarship is financial need.
a) criterion
b) criteria - All the ______ have been reviewed by the committee.
a) criterion
b) criteria - This ______ is not relevant to the current discussion.
a) criterion
b) criteria - What ______ did you use to select the final candidate?
a) criterion
b) criteria
Answers
- a) criterion – “The most important” refers to one standard.
- b) criteria – “All the” indicates multiple standards.
- a) criterion – “This” is singular, so use criterion.
- b) criteria – The question implies more than one standard, but if you mean one, use criterion. In practice, this question often uses criteria because people usually consider multiple factors.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Is “criteria” ever acceptable as a singular noun?
In very informal spoken English, some native speakers use criteria as a singular noun. However, this is widely considered incorrect in writing, especially in academic, professional, or formal contexts. Always use criterion for one standard.
2. Can I use “criterions” as a plural?
No. Criterions is not a standard English word. The only correct plural is criteria. This follows the Greek plural pattern, similar to phenomenon becoming phenomena.
3. How do I remember which is singular and which is plural?
Think of criterion as ending with -on, like one (singular). Criteria ends with -a, which often indicates a plural in Greek-derived words. Another trick: criterion has the same number of syllables as singular (three), while criteria has four syllables, matching plural.
4. What verb form should I use with “criteria”?
Always use a plural verb: are, were, have, do, etc. For example: “The criteria are clear.” “These criteria have been updated.” Using a singular verb like is or has is a common mistake.
Final Tips for Real Writing
When you write an email or a paper, check every use of criterion and criteria. Ask yourself: Am I talking about one standard or more than one? If it is one, use criterion with a singular verb. If it is more than one, use criteria with a plural verb. This small habit will make your writing more accurate and professional.
For more help with tricky plural forms, visit our Confusing Plurals section. You can also review Plural Spelling Rules for general guidance. If you have questions about this guide, see our FAQ page or contact us. We follow strict standards; read our Editorial Policy for details.
